Poland
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While the Bill introduces mechanisms to address some of the existing issues in the justice system, the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed solution, as it is, remains doubtful. It offers no safeguards that would preclude disciplinary decisions of the Supreme Administrative Court issued by panels composed of judges appointed by the reformed National Council of the Judiciary being questioned in the same way as the decisions of the newly established Supreme Court’s Chambers. More importantly, the proposed amendments do not address the root causes by leaving unchanged the fundamental systemic deficiencies of the legislation undermining the independence of the judiciary and of individual judges, as established by the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights.
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Streszczenie: Międzynarodowe zalecenia i dobre praktyki wskazują na zasadność rozwiązania tymczasowego, zgodnie z którym urzędujący Rzecznik Praw Obywatelskich (ombudsperson) pozostaje na stanowisku po zakończeniu swojej kadencji do czasu mianowania jego następcy. Zapewnia to stabilność mandatu i działań krajowych instytucji praw człowieka, ciągłość i skuteczność ich funkcjonowania oraz właściwe przekazanie obowiązków pomiędzy dotychczasowym i nowym urzędnikiem. Istnienie rozwiązań przejściowych jest niezbędne w celu zapewnienia, aby stanowisko szefa krajowej instytucji praw człowieka nie pozostawało nieobsadzone przez długi czas, co może ograniczyć zdolność biura rzecznika do do skutecznego i pełnego wykonywania powierzonego mandatu. W związku z powyższym, ODIHR konkluduje, że przepis Konstytucji ustanawiający kadencję Rzecznika Praw Człowieka w połączeniu z artykułem 3 ustępem 6 ustawy o Rzeczniku Praw Obywatelskich, który stanowi, że Rzecznik pozostaje na stanowisku do czasu objęcia stanowiska przez nowego Rzecznika, są ważnymi i skutecznymi mechanizmami, które mogą pomóc w ochronie niezależności, skuteczności, stabilności i ciągłości funkcjonowania Biura RPO.
Summary: International norms and good practices suggest that transition modalities whereby an incumbent Ombudsperson remains in office after until a successor is appointed, is one of the recommended solutions to ensure the stability of the NHRI mandate and operations, the continuity and effective functioning of the institution and the proper transfer of duties between the old and new office-holder. Existence of transitory solutions are essential to ensure that the position of head of an NHRI does not stay vacant for a long time, which may restrict the ability of the Commissioner's office to effectively carry out the full extent of its mandate.
ODIHR therefore concludes that provisions of the Constitution of Poland establishing the term of office of the Commissioner for Human Rights in combination with Article 3 par 6 of the Act on the Commissioner for Human Rights of Poland, which provides that the Commissioner will remain in office until the new office-holder is appointed, are valid and effective mechanisms, which can protect the independence, efficiency, stability and continuity of the office.
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