Constitution of the Republic of Iceland (1944, as amended 2003) (excerpts related to Fair Trial (Right to a)) (English)
CONSTITUTION
OF THE REPUBLIC OF ICELAND
(No. 33, 17 June 1944, as amended 30 May 1984, 31 May 1991, 28 June 1995 and 24
June 1999)
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Article 67
No one may be deprived of his liberty except as permitted by law.
Any person deprived of his liberty shall be entitled to be informed promptly of
the reasons for this measure.
Any person arrested by reason of suspicion of criminal conduct shall be brought
before a judge without undue delay. If he is not released at once, the judge shall,
within 24 hours, issue a reasoned decision on whether he shall be detained on
remand. Detention on remand may only be ordered due to a charge subject to
heavier sanctions than fines or punitive custody. The right of a person detained on
remand to refer the decision on his remand to a superior court shall be guaranteed
by law. A person shall never be detained on remand for longer than necessary; if
the judge deems that he may be released on bail the amount of bail shall be
determined by a judicial order.
Any person deprived of his liberty for other reasons shall be entitled to have the
legality of the measure reviewed by a court as soon as possible. If his deprivation
of liberty proves to have been unlawful he shall be released forthwith.
Any person deprived of his liberty without valid reason shall have a right to
compensation.
Article 68
No one may be subjected to torture or any other inhuman or degrading treatment
or punishment.
No one shall be required to perform compulsory labour.
Article 69
No one may be subjected to punishment unless found guilty of conduct that
constituted a criminal offence according to the law at the time when it was
committed, or is totally analogous to such conduct. The sanctions may not be
more severe than the law permitted at the time of commission.
Death penalty may never be stipulated by law.
Article 70
Everyone shall, for the determination of his rights and obligations or in the event
of a criminal charge against him, be entitled, following a fair trial and within a
reasonable time, to the resolution of an independent and impartial court of law. A
hearing by a court of law shall take place in public, except if the judge decides
otherwise as provided for by law in the interest of morals, public order, the
security of the State or the interests of the parties.
Everyone charged with criminal conduct shall be presumed innocent until proven
guilty.
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