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Hate Crimes (in progress)

Hate crimes are violent manifestations of intolerance and have a deep impact on not only the immediate victim but also the group with which that victim identifies him or herself. They affect community cohesion and social stability. A vigorous response is therefore important both for the indvidual and communal security. Hate crimes are distinguished from other types of crime by the motive of the perpetrator; since motive is usually irrelevant in proving the essential elements of the crime.

Whether or not states have passed seperate laws to address hate crimes, these crimes do occur. If police, prosecutors, and judges can be trained to recognise and respond to these crimes effectively, the damage caused by hate crimes can be lessened. While there are many states in the OSCE region with laws that lead to increased penalties for hate crimes, their use is inconsistent. Legislation that is clear, concrete and easy to understand will enhance the likelihood that law enforcement offiicals will use it.